Nk’uko amakuru yaturutse mu Bushinwa Singapore Jingwei abitangaza ngo ku ya 6, Ishami rishinzwe kumenyekanisha komite nkuru ya CPC ryagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru ku "gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zishingiye ku guhanga udushya no kubaka igihugu gikomeye gifite ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga".Minisitiri w’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga Wangzhigang avuga ko gukora no kugurisha imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu Bushinwa biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu myaka irindwi ikurikiranye.
Wangzhigang yavuze ko dukwiye guha uruhare mu gucengera, gukwirakwizwa no gusenya siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo dutange amasoko menshi, inkunga ya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga ndetse n'umwanya mushya wo gukura mu iterambere ryiza.Siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga bifite umurimo wo "gukora ibintu mubusa", kandi tekinolojiya mishya izateza imbere inganda nshya.
Ubwa mbere, siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga byayoboye iterambere ry'inganda zivuka.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoloji igaragara nkubwenge bwubuhanga, amakuru manini, blocain hamwe na kwant itumanaho byihutishijwe, kandi ibicuruzwa nuburyo bushya nkibikoresho byubwenge, telemedisine nuburezi kumurongo byatejwe imbere.Igipimo cy’ubukungu bw’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa kiza ku mwanya wa kabiri ku isi.Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryafunguye ingingo zimwe na zimwe zibuza inganda mu Bushinwa kuzamuka.Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ingufu z'umuyaga, kwerekana ibintu bishya, kumurika igice cya kabiri, kubika ingufu zateye imbere n'izindi nganda nabyo biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi.
Icya kabiri, siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga biteza imbere kuzamura inganda gakondo.Mu myaka irenga 20, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere "bitatu bya horizontal na bitatu bihagaritse" byashizeho uburyo bushya bwo guhanga udushya tw’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa, kandi umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa byashyizwe ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu myaka irindwi ikurikiranye.Ukurikije amakara y’Ubushinwa ahabwa ingufu, kwihutisha ubushakashatsi n’iterambere mu gukoresha neza amakara.Mu myaka 15 ikurikiranye, isosiyete yohereje ubushakashatsi niterambere rya megawatt ultra supercritical tekinoroji yo kubyara ingufu.Amakara ntarengwa yo gukoresha amashanyarazi arashobora kugera kuri garama 264 kumasaha ya kilowatt, ibyo bikaba biri munsi yikigereranyo cyigihugu kandi no kurwego rwiterambere rwisi.Kugeza ubu, umushinga w'ikoranabuhanga no kwerekana ibyamamare umaze kumenyekana mu gihugu hose, bingana na 26% by'amashanyarazi yose yashyizweho n'amashanyarazi.
Icya gatatu, siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga byashyigikiye iyubakwa ry'imishinga minini.Umushinga wo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi UHV, guhuza isi yose ya satelite yo kugendana na Beidou no gukora gari ya moshi yihuta ya Fuxing byose biterwa niterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga.Iterambere ryiza ryogucukura "inyanja nini ya 1" no kwerekana umusaruro waryo byerekana ko ubushakashatsi bwubukorikori bwa peteroli yo mubushinwa hamwe niterambere byinjiye muri metero 1500 mugihe cyamazi yimbitse.
Icya kane, siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga byongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana mu mishinga.Ishoramari ry’ibigo mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ryagiye ryiyongera, bingana na 76% by’ishoramari ry’umuryango wose.Umubare w'amafaranga R & D yakoreshejwe mu bigo hiyongereyeho kugabanywa wiyongereye uva kuri 50% muri 2012 na 75% muri 2018 ugera ku 100% by'ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rito n'iciriritse n'inganda zikora inganda.Umubare w’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga bikuru by’igihugu byiyongereye kuva kuri 49000 mu myaka irenga icumi ishize bigera kuri 330000 muri 2021. Ishoramari R & D rifite 70% by’ishoramari ry’ibigo by’igihugu.Umusoro watanzwe wiyongereye uva kuri tiriyari 0.8 muri 2012 ugera kuri tiriyoni 2,3 mu 2021. Mu nganda zashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ubumenyi n’udushya tw’imigabane ya Shanghai n’imigabane ya Beijing, inganda z’ikoranabuhanga zifite hejuru ya 90%.
Icya gatanu, siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga biteza imbere udushya n'iterambere mu karere.Pekin, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao n'akarere ka Great Bay bigira uruhare runini mu kuyobora no gukwirakwiza udushya.Ishoramari ryabo R & D rirenga 30% byigihugu cyose.70% na 50% by'agaciro k'amasezerano y'ibikorwa by'ikoranabuhanga i Beijing na Shanghai byoherezwa ahandi hantu.Uru nuruhare rwintangarugero rwimirasire yo hagati mugutwara.Uturere 169 tw’ikoranabuhanga twinshi twakusanyije kimwe cya gatatu cy’inganda zikorana buhanga mu gihugu.Umusaruro w'abakozi ku muturage wikubye inshuro 2,7 ugereranyije n'igihugu, kandi umubare w'abanyeshuri barangije kaminuza bangana na 9.2% by'igihugu cyose.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Mata uyu mwaka, amafaranga yinjira mu karere k’ikoranabuhanga rikuru ry’igihugu yari tiriyari 13.7, yiyongereyeho 7.8% umwaka ushize, byerekana umuvuduko mwiza w’iterambere.
Icya gatandatu, kora impano zo murwego rwohejuru ubumenyi nubuhanga.Impano zikomeye na siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga nibyo byerekana inganda zikomeye, ubukungu ndetse nigihugu, nimbaraga zimara igihe kirekire nimbaraga zikomeye ziyobora iterambere ryiza.Dushimangira cyane uruhare rwimpano nkibikoresho byambere, kandi kuvumbura, guhinga no kuzana impano mubikorwa bishya.Umubare munini w'abakozi bakomeye mu bya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga bakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo bitoroshye, kandi banyuze mu buhanga butandukanye bw'ingenzi nk'icyogajuru gikoreshwa mu kirere, icyogajuru cyogajuru ndetse n'ubushakashatsi bwimbitse mu nyanja.Nyuma yo gutangiza neza Shenzhou 14, kubaka sitasiyo yacu bizatangira ibihe bishya.Yashyizeho kandi ibigo byinshi by’ubuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga bifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bitanga umusanzu w’ingenzi mu gukemura ibibazo by’ubumenyi n’inzitizi mu iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho.
Wangzhigang yavuze ko intambwe ikurikiraho ari iyo kwihutisha gushimangira ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze, imiterere ihuriweho yo guteza imbere porogaramu no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, kurushaho gushimangira umwanya wiganje mu guhanga udushya, gushyiraho inyungu nshya z’iterambere no gushyiraho moteri nshya y’iterambere ryiza cyane. .
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-06-2022